Kidney stones are hard deposits made inside the kidney and mainly composed of minerals and salts. These depositions may be formed and infect any part of the urinary tract from kidneys to the urinary bladder. The stones may be small and pass unnoticed through the urinary tract but some stones can grow to the size of a golf ball while keeping their sharp, crystalline structure. To find and consult the best Nephrologist in Lahore, Karachi or other cities of Pakistan, log on to Marham-find a doctor.
Symptoms
Following symptoms may indicate the presence of stone inside the person’s kidney;
- Severe pain in the side and back, below the ribs
- Pain that radiates to the lower abdomen and groin
- Urinating more often than usual
- Fever and chills
- Nausea and vomiting
- Persistent need to urinate
- Pain on urination
- Pink, red or brown urine
- Cloudy or foul-smelling urine
- Urinating small amounts
Causes
Kidney stones often have no definite and single cause of its happening. Actually, several factors are responsible to increase the risk of getting stones in the kidney.
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Less Consumption of Water
The major cause of kidney stones is a lack of water in the body. Individuals who drink less than the recommended eight to ten glasses of water a day are more vulnerable to get the deposited stones in their kidneys.
Actually, when there is less quantity of water it will not dilute the uric acid (a component of urine), the urine becomes more acidic and this excessively acidic environment is the cause of the kidney stone formation.
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Family or Personal History
If someone in a person’s family has kidney stones or had it previously that person is more likely to develop stones, too. And if the person already had one or more kidney stones, he is at increased risk of developing another stone now or in the future.
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Certain Diets
Some food elements are also responsible for developing stones in the kidney. Following diets are notoriously related to this abnormal structure development
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High Protein Diet
The protein content of the diet is broken down into uric acid which makes the condition acidic. In acidic conditions, uric acid may accumulate and deposited in the form of stones. High protein diet may also be responsible for oxalate stone.
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Sodium/calcium Salt
High salt consumption through food cause more reabsorption of these salts. The reabsorbed salts gathered into a mass and form calcium stone.
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Sugar and Carbohydrate
High sugar and carbohydrate contents in food broken down into glucose. The high glucose level in urine helps to its reabsorption and developing oxalate stones.
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High Oxalate Diet
High oxalate contents of diet are directly involved in the formation of oxalate stones. And these stones are most common in occurrence.
Related: Kidney Stones and their most advanced treatments available in Pakistan
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Being Obese
High body mass index (BMI) and increased have been associated with an increased risk of kidney stones development.
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Bowel Conditions
Certain bowel conditions like diarrhea are also responsible for the increased risk of forming calcium oxalate kidney stones. Diarrhea may result in loss of large amounts of fluid from the body, lowering urine volume and this dehydrating condition may help to the formation of kidney stone.
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Medical Conditions
Some medical conditions are associated with an increased risk of kidney stones formation.
- Abnormal growth of one or more of the parathyroid glands
- distal renal tubular acidosis
- inherited disorders such as cystinuria and primary hyperoxaluria,
- Gastric bypass surgery in some reported cases is also labeled as the reason for stone formation in kidneys.
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